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Nail changes in patients receiving systemic isotretinoin therapy
Dilek Yigit1, Nermin Karaosmanoglu2
1Dermatology and Venereology, Bağcılar Training and Research Hospital, Gençosman Mh. Mustafa Yaşar Cd. No: 5-7 , Güngören/İstanbul, Turkey. dilekyigit1993@gmail.com.
Scientific Reports
|October 27, 2024
Summary
Systemic isotretinoin treatment for acne vulgaris significantly increases the risk of nail changes, primarily onychoschizia. These isotretinoin-induced nail findings are reversible and linked to cumulative dosage, not treatment duration.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Clinical Research
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Acne vulgaris is a common skin condition.
- Isotretinoin is a systemic treatment for acne.
- Nail changes are a potential side effect of isotretinoin therapy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To document isotretinoin-induced nail alterations.
- To assess the impact of isotretinoin on patient treatment compliance.
- To compare nail changes in patients receiving isotretinoin versus topical treatments.
Main Methods:
- A comparative study involving 200 acne vulgaris patients.
- 100 patients received systemic isotretinoin; 100 received topical acne treatment.
- Nail changes, treatment duration, and dosage were recorded; patients with persistent changes were followed for 6 months.
Main Results:
- 34% of isotretinoin patients experienced nail changes, compared to 11% in the topical group (p<0.001).
- Common nail changes included onychoschizia, leukonychia, and onychorexis.
- Nail changes were associated with the total cumulative isotretinoin dose, not treatment duration.
Conclusions:
- Systemic isotretinoin therapy significantly elevates the risk of nail changes, with onychoschizia being the most frequent.
- Isotretinoin-induced nail findings are fully reversible.
- Treatment compliance may be influenced by the occurrence of these side effects.
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