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Related Concept Videos

Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

212
Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...
212

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Tackling Anticancer Drug Resistance and Endosomal Escape in Aggressive Brain Tumors Using Bioelectronics.

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Alternating current (AC) stimulation enhances chemotherapy delivery and efficacy in brain tumors. This approach overcomes drug resistance and improves nanoparticle delivery, offering new hope for treating aggressive brain cancers.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Nanotechnology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Brain tumors like medulloblastoma and glioblastoma exhibit resistance to chemotherapy due to drug entrapment in endosomes and extracellular drug expulsion.
  • Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems face challenges with nanoparticles remaining trapped in endosomes, reducing therapeutic effectiveness.
  • Novel strategies are needed to enhance cancer therapy efficiency and overcome drug resistance in brain tumors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if external electrical stimuli, specifically alternating current (AC), can modulate intracellular drug trafficking in medulloblastoma and glioblastoma.
  • To test the hypothesis that AC stimulation can enhance the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs and gold nanoparticle (GNP) delivery in brain tumors.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized gold nanoparticles (GNPs) for drug delivery in medulloblastoma and glioblastoma models.
  • Applied alternating current (AC) stimulation at frequencies from 1 kHz to 5 MHz and an electric field strength of 1 V/cm.
  • Assessed cell viability, apoptosis, drug sensitivity (EC50), and endosomal escape of GNPs.

Main Results:

  • Low-frequency AC significantly increased apoptosis and cell death in cisplatin-resistant medulloblastoma cells, reducing EC50 and enhancing vincristine sensitivity.
  • High-frequency AC significantly increased the endosomal escape of GNPs in glioblastoma cells from 20% to 75%.
  • AC stimulation demonstrated a selective disruption of cancer cell resistance mechanisms and improved nanoparticle-based therapy efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • Alternating current (AC) stimulation is effective in overcoming limitations of current nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems for brain tumors.
  • AC stimulation shows transformative potential for treating aggressive, drug-resistant brain tumors by enhancing chemotherapy and nanoparticle delivery.
  • External electrical stimuli represent a promising strategy to improve therapeutic outcomes in challenging brain cancer cases.