Development of label-free light-controlled gene expression technologies using mid-IR and terahertz light

Gene expression is a fundamental process that regulates diverse biological activities across all life stages. Given its vital role, there is an urgent need to develop innovative methodologies to effectively control gene expression. Light-controlled gene expression is considered a favorable approach because of its ability to provide precise spatiotemporal control. However, current light-controlled technologies rely on photosensitive molecular tags, making their practical use challenging. In this study, we review current technologies for light-controlled gene expression and propose the development of label-free light-controlled technologies using mid-infrared (mid-IR) and terahertz light.