Mortality Rate and Years of Life Lost Due to Ischemic Heart Disease in Southern Iran between 2004 and 2019: A
Mohammad Hossein Sharifi1,2, Alireza Mirahmadizadeh2, Jafar Hassanzadeh3
1Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Insights
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) caused over 46,000 deaths in Fars province, Iran, from 2004-2019. While mortality trends remained steady, a decline in years of life lost suggests potential improvements in premature death rates.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Cardiology
Background:
- Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent a significant global health burden, causing one-third of all worldwide deaths.
- Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a major contributor to CVD mortality.
- Understanding regional IHD trends is crucial for targeted public health interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the mortality trends and years of life lost (YLL) due to ischemic heart disease (IHD) in the Fars province, Iran.
- To investigate the changes in IHD-related premature mortality over a 16-year period.
- To provide data for public health planning and prevention strategies for IHD.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study utilizing the Electronic Death Registration System in Fars province, Iran (population ~4 million).
- Analysis of death records categorized as IHD (ICD-10) from 2004 to 2019, examining age, gender, and year of death.
- Calculation of Years of Life Lost (YLL) using the WHO 2015 YLL framework and trend analysis via joinpoint regression.
Main Results:
- A total of 46,969 deaths attributed to IHD were recorded between 2004 and 2019.
- Men constituted 56.4% of IHD deaths, with crude death rates of 84.2 per 100,000 for males and 66.5 for females.
- Joinpoint regression indicated a declining trend in YLL rates for premature IHD deaths, with an Annual Percent Change (APC) of -0.6% for males and -1.5% for females.
Conclusions:
- Standardized mortality rate, YLL, and crude mortality rate for IHD remained relatively stable over the 16-year study period.
- Despite stable overall rates, the declining trend in YLL suggests a potential positive shift in premature mortality.
- Comprehensive primary and secondary prevention strategies, alongside increased public awareness of IHD, are recommended.
Background:
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) account for one-third of all deaths worldwide.
Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, we extracted all death records from the Electronic Death Registration System categorized as ischemic heart disease (IHD) based on age, gender, and the year of death according to ICD-10 for this cross-sectional analysis. The Fars province is situated in southern Iran with a population of about 4 million. An analysis of years of life lost (YLL) resulting from premature death from IHD was conducted using the World Health Organization's 2015 YLL framework. The trend of the YLL rates was investigated using joinpoint regression.
Results:
In the Fars province, IHD was the cause of 46969 deaths throughout a 16-year study period, (2004 to 2019). Among these, 26,503 (56.4%) were men. The crude death rates per 100000 population for men and women were 84.2 and 66.5, respectively. The total YLL due to premature death due to IHD, during the 16-year study period, was 287625 in male, 209665 in female. The joinpoint regression showed a declining trend in the YLL rate associated with premature death. Annual Percent Change (APC) was -0.6% (95% CI -6.9 to 6.1, P=0.851) for males and -1.5% (95% CI -5.2 to 2.2, P=0.418) for females.
Conclusion:
The trends of the standardized mortality rate, YLL, and crude mortality rate held steady throughout a 16-year period. Planning for comprehensive primary and secondary prevention and increasing public knowledge of IHD are necessary.
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