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Mortality and Suicide Among Persons Experiencing Homelessness: A Seven-Year Follow-up Study
Fran Calvo1, Xavier Carbonell2, Sarah Johnsen3
1Universitat de Girona (Spain).
Psicothema
|October 28, 2024
Summary
Suicide risk scores are key predictors of mortality in people experiencing homelessness (PEHs). Further research and targeted interventions are crucial for suicide prevention in this vulnerable group.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Mental Health Research
- Sociology
Background:
- Limited scientific understanding exists regarding suicide among people experiencing homelessness (PEHs).
- PEHs represent a vulnerable population with unique challenges and risks.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the factors associated with mortality in people experiencing homelessness.
- To identify predictors of death, particularly suicide, within this demographic.
Main Methods:
- A seven-year longitudinal study of 154 people experiencing homelessness.
- Clinical assessments of suicide risk in 2015 and cause of death data collected until 2022.
Main Results:
- 14.3% of the sample died over seven years, with leading causes including cancer, suicide, and overdose.
- Prior suicide attempts and suicidal ideation were significant predictors of mortality.
- Experiencing violence correlated with increased suicide attempts and ideation.
Conclusions:
- Suicide risk assessment scores are primary indicators of mortality risk in PEHs.
- There is a critical need for longitudinal research and tailored suicide prevention programs for PEHs.
- Integrated approaches addressing housing policy and mental healthcare are recommended.
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