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Association Between Dysphagia and Depressive Symptoms: Propensity Score Matching Approaches.

Sanghee Yoo1, Heather Shaw Bonilha2, Ickpyo Hong3

  • 1Department of Occupational Therapy, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea.

Dysphagia
|October 28, 2024
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Swallowing problems (dysphagia) significantly increase the risk of depressive symptoms in U.S. adults. This study highlights the crucial link between physical and mental health, emphasizing the need for integrated care for individuals with dysphagia.

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AdultsDepressionDysphagiaNational survey

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • The co-occurrence of depression and dysphagia is clinically recognized.
  • Dysphagia impacts quality of life through physical complications and emotional distress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the population-level association between dysphagia and depressive symptoms.
  • To account for demographic and health factors in the dysphagia-depression relationship.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study using the 2022 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS).
  • Analysis of 25,651 U.S. adults, assessing depressive symptoms and swallowing problems.
  • Utilized multivariable logistic regression and three propensity score matching methods (IPTW, Greedy algorithm) for robust association estimation.

Main Results:

  • 6.48% of U.S. adults reported dysphagia, with a higher prevalence in women.
  • Individuals with dysphagia exhibited significantly higher odds of depressive symptoms (ORs 1.763-2.402, p < .0001) after statistical adjustments.
  • Propensity score matching successfully balanced demographic and health characteristics between groups.

Conclusions:

  • Dysphagia and depressive symptoms are strongly associated in the U.S. adult population.
  • Findings underscore the importance of integrated healthcare addressing both physical swallowing issues and mental health.
  • Early identification and management of dysphagia may mitigate the risk of developing depressive symptoms.