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Facial and dental arch shape in individuals with different bite force levels : A pilot study using geometric
Ana Nocera Quezada1, María Jesús Muñoz1, Ellen Schulz-Kornas2,3
1Laboratory of Craniofacial Translational Research, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Olivos 943, Independencia, Santiago, Chile.
Summary
This pilot study found a weak link between bite force and facial/dental shape in adults. Low chewing forces in modern populations may explain this limited relationship.
Area of Science:
- Anthropology
- Biomechanical Engineering
- Dental Morphology
Background:
- Geometric morphometrics offers advanced shape analysis by considering spatial relationships.
- Understanding the interplay between biomechanics and morphology is crucial in human evolution and function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between bite force variation and dental arch/facial shape.
- To utilize geometric morphometrics for detailed shape analysis in this context.
Main Methods:
- 16 German adults provided bite force data in four positions.
- 3D facial and dental models were created using photographs and scans.
- 51 landmarks analyzed via principal component and partial least squares analyses.
Main Results:
- No statistically significant covariation was found between bite force, dental arch shape, and facial shape.
- The study identified no clear patterns linking these variables.
Conclusions:
- A weak relationship exists between bite force and dental/facial morphology.
- Low masticatory loads in Western urban populations may contribute to this finding.
- Future research should explore effect size, diet mechanics, and other variables.
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