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Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) is Associated with Self-Reported Cognitive Function in Adults with HIV.

Joseph A Belloir¹, Thomas Myers², Scott Batey³

¹School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.

Biological Research for Nursing

|October 28, 2024

Summary

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is linked to better cognitive function in people with HIV (PWH). Lower BDNF levels were observed in PWH with a history of AIDS, suggesting BDNF

Keywords:

HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder brain-derived neurotropic factor cognitive health persons with HIV

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Immunology
Infectious Diseases

Background:

People with HIV (PWH) face risks of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) even with combination antiretroviral therapy.
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is crucial for cognitive function and neuroplasticity, but its role in HIV-related neuroinflammation is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between serum BDNF levels and cognitive function in adults with HIV.
To explore the relationship between BDNF levels, cognitive function, and a history of AIDS diagnosis.

Main Methods:

Analysis of data from 140 adults with HIV from the CHAMPS study.
Assessment of serum BDNF levels using high-sensitivity ELISA kits.
Evaluation of cognitive function via the PROMIS Applied Cognition-Abilities 8-item questionnaire.
Linear regression analyses adjusted for demographic variables.

Main Results:

A significant positive association was observed between BDNF serum levels and cognitive function scores in PWH (p = .03).
PWH with a history of AIDS diagnosis exhibited significantly lower BDNF levels (p = .02).
Demographic factors did not significantly influence cognitive function or BDNF levels in this cohort.

Conclusions:

BDNF may serve as a potential biomarker for cognitive decline in people with HIV.
The findings suggest BDNF's relevance in understanding the pathophysiology of HAND.
Further research is needed to explore interventions for improving cognitive health in PWH.