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Tuning collective behaviour in zebrafish with genetic modification.

Yushi Yang1,2, Abdelwahab Kawafi3, Qiao Tong3

  • 1H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.

Plos Computational Biology
|October 28, 2024
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Summary

Genetic modification in zebrafish offers novel control over collective behavior. Zebrafish lacking the col11a2 gene showed altered swimming and surprisingly more orderly group motion, demonstrating constituent-level control of biological active matter.

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Area of Science:

  • Active matter physics
  • Zebrafish collective behavior
  • Genetics and developmental biology

Background:

  • Zebrafish collective behavior is a key model for assessing health and drug effects.
  • Active matter models represent individuals as self-propelling agents with interacting parameters.
  • Typically, collective biological behavior is influenced by environment, not controlled at the constituent level.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate genetic modification's potential for controlling biological active matter systems at the constituent level.
  • To investigate the impact of the col11a2 gene deficiency on zebrafish collective behavior.
  • To model the altered collective motion using active matter principles.

Main Methods:

  • Genetic modification of zebrafish to create col11a2 knockout mutants.
  • Observation and analysis of individual and collective swimming behaviors.
  • Application of active matter models to quantify and compare wildtype and mutant fish dynamics.

Main Results:

  • col11a2 -/- zebrafish exhibited compromised vertebral columns and altered swimming patterns.
  • Mutant zebrafish showed reduced body bending and slower orientation changes.
  • Surprisingly, groups of mutant zebrafish displayed more orderly collective motion than wildtype.
  • Active matter models with increased orientational noise accurately captured mutant fish behavior.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic modification can tune collective behavior in biological active matter systems.
  • The col11a2 gene influences zebrafish collective motion dynamics.
  • This study establishes a framework for controlling biological systems via genetic manipulation within active matter paradigms.