Factors impacting time to genetic diagnosis for children with epilepsy

Megan Rimmasch1,2, Carey A Wilson3, Nephi A Walton4

  • 1Graduate Program in Genetic Counseling, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.

Epilepsia Open
|October 28, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Factors like developmental delay and public insurance prolonged the time to molecular diagnosis for pediatric epilepsy patients. Conversely, more hospitalizations shortened this diagnostic timeline, highlighting areas for intervention.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Clinical Genetics
  • Healthcare Outcomes Research

Background:

  • Molecular diagnosis is crucial for guiding treatment and health supervision in pediatric epilepsy.
  • Factors influencing the time to molecular diagnosis in children with epilepsy remain largely uncharacterized.
  • Understanding diagnostic timelines is essential for optimizing patient care pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize factors associated with the time from initial seizure to molecular diagnosis in pediatric epilepsy patients.
  • To analyze recent trends in diagnostic timelines within a contemporary subgroup of patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective, population-based review of pediatric epilepsy patients with a genetic etiology.
  • Analysis of a 5-year data set, including a subgroup with seizure onset after 2016.
  • Statistical evaluation of demographic, clinical, and insurance-related factors against time to molecular diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • No significant association found between sex, race, ethnicity, or epilepsy type and time to diagnosis.
  • Increased hospitalizations correlated with shorter diagnostic times (p < 0.001), while developmental delay correlated with longer times (p = 0.002).
  • In a recent subgroup, commercial insurance was linked to decreased diagnostic time, whereas public insurance and outpatient settings showed longer times.

Conclusions:

  • Developmental delay, public insurance, and outpatient settings are associated with prolonged molecular diagnostic timelines in pediatric epilepsy.
  • Higher hospitalization rates may expedite genetic diagnosis, suggesting potential benefits of inpatient evaluation.
  • Interventions targeting specific patient groups and healthcare settings could accelerate genetic testing and diagnosis, improving management strategies.