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Soil viral-host interactions regulate microplastic-dependent carbon storage.

Lu Wang1,2, Da Lin1,3, Ke-Qing Xiao3,4

  • 1Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|October 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Biodegradable microplastics boost soil carbon storage, while nondegradable types inhibit it. These effects stem from virus-bacteria interactions influencing microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) and soil carbon cycling.

Keywords:
carbon use efficiencymicroplasticsoil carbon storagesoil chemodiversityviral–host interaction

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Microbiology
  • Soil Science

Background:

  • Microplastics are recognized global environmental contaminants affecting biogeochemical cycles.
  • Microbial processes mediating microplastic impacts on soil carbon cycling remain poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate microplastic effects on soil carbon cycling by examining microbial responses.
  • To elucidate the role of virus-bacteria coadaptations in microplastic-induced alterations to soil carbon.

Main Methods:

  • Multi-omics analysis was employed in a long-term field experiment.
  • Soil chemodiversity and microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) were characterized.
  • Virus-host interactions within the soil plastisphere were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Biodegradable microplastics increased soil organic carbon by 2.47%, while nondegradable microplastics decreased it by 17.4%.
  • Nondegradable microplastics enhanced complex carbohydrate metabolism; biodegradable microplastics promoted amino acid metabolism and glycolysis.
  • Viral lysis and auxiliary metabolic gene enrichment mediated these microbial shifts and carbon storage outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Virus-host interactions are critical in determining microplastic impacts on soil carbon storage.
  • Microbial responses, particularly CUE and metabolic pathways, are key mediators of these effects.
  • Understanding these intricate processes is essential for predicting microplastic effects on soil ecosystems.