Biological activities of Hypericum spectabile extract optimized using artificial neural network combined with genetic...

Area of Science:

• Phytochemistry
• Computational Chemistry
• Pharmacognosy

Background:

• Optimizing extraction processes is crucial for maximizing yield and efficiency while minimizing environmental impact.
• Hypericum spectabile is a plant species with potential medicinal properties that require efficient extraction methods.
• Artificial intelligence techniques offer powerful tools for optimizing complex experimental parameters.

Purpose of the Study:

• To optimize the extraction conditions for Hypericum spectabile to maximize total antioxidant status (TAS).
• To determine the optimal extraction parameters including temperature, time, and concentration.
• To analyze the biological activity of the extract obtained under optimized conditions.

Main Methods:

• Utilized an artificial neural network (ANN) combined with a genetic algorithm (GA) for optimization.
• Investigated extraction temperatures (30-60 °C), times (4-10 h), and concentrations (0.25-2 mg/mL).
• Evaluated the biological activity including total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and enzyme inhibition (AChE, BChE).

Main Results:

• The ANN-GA model achieved high accuracy with MAPE of 0.643%, MSE of 0.004, and R of 0.996.
• Optimal extraction conditions were determined as 59.391 °C, 8.841 h, and 1.951 mg/mL.
• The optimized extract showed significant antioxidant (9.306 mmol/L TAS), phenolic (109.34 mg/g TPC), and flavonoid (148.34 mg/g TFC) content, along with notable enzyme inhibition and antiproliferative activity.

Conclusions:

• The integration of ANN-GA is a successful strategy for optimizing Hypericum spectabile extraction parameters.
• The optimized extract exhibits significant biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative effects.
• LC-MS/MS analysis confirmed the presence of beneficial phenolic compounds such as gallic acid, caffeic acid, quercetin, and kaempferol in the optimized extract.