Surgical Variations of the Modified Latarjet Procedure: A Literature Review and Video-Illustrated Surgical Technique

The modified Latarjet procedure, otherwise known as the Walch-Boileau procedure, is a very successful management procedure for recurrent shoulder dislocation especially in patients with glenoid bone loss of less than 30 percent. Multiple variations of the surgical technique have been proposed over the years, some of which are still controversial. These variations include arthroscopic vs open technique, traditional versus congruent arc Latarjet procedure, subscapularis split versus L-shaped tenotomy, intra-articular versus extra-articular coracoid placement, capsular repair versus no repair, and the various modalities of coracoid fixation. The current evidence is based on a group of low-evidence heterogenous studies since some of these variations lack strong clinical comparative studies that control other variables. In this literature review, we present the evidence available for each of the above major variations. Furthermore, we present a video illustration of the surgical procedure done in our tertiary care center.