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Meta-analysis of the effects of probiotics on hyperlipidemia
Yuanyue Yao1, Qing Hong2, Siqi Ding1
1College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China.
Background:
The potential role of probiotics in mitigating hyperlipidemia has garnered increasing evidence, yet the specific mechanisms warrant further investigation.
Objective:
This study aimed to examine the alterations in short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), a hypothesized lipid-lowering mechanism of probiotics, in animal models and to evaluate the lipid-lowering effects of probiotics on hyperlipidemic animal models through a meta-analysis of preclinical experiments. Methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar up to June 2024 yielded nine studies that met the inclusion criteria (INPLASY registration number: No. CRD42024559937).
Result:
The analysis revealed that mice receiving probiotics exhibited a significant increase in SCFA levels compared with control mice (acetic acid: standard mean difference [SMD] = 1.26, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.80 to 1.72, P < 0.00001, I2 = 28%; propionic acid: SMD = 1.99, 95% CI 1.47 to 2.51; butyric acid: SMD = 0.66, 95% CI 0.04 to 1.28, P = 0.04, I2 = 22%; acetate: SMD = 4.5, 95% CI 3.57 to 5.42, P < 0.00001, I2 = 48%; propionate: SMD = 0.76, 95% CI 0.37 to 1.15, P = 0.0002, I2 = 44%; butyrate: SMD = 2.8, 95% CI 2.18 to 3.41, P < 0.00001, I2 = 26%). Additionally, probiotic consumption reduced markers of oxidation and inflammation as well as liver damage enzymes.
Conclusion:
The findings from this meta-analysis suggest that probiotics can enhance SCFA content in the body, decrease lipid levels in animals, improve oxidative stress and inflammation, reduce liver damage, and effectively alleviate hyperlipidemia.
