Adverse perinatal outcomes related to pregestational obesity or excessive weight gain in pregnancy

To evaluate outcomes related to pregestational obesity and excessive weight gain during pregnancy.

This retrospective cohort was conducted from August to December 2020. Participants were divided into four groups: non-obese with non-excessive weight gain (n=765, 45.9 %), obese with non-excessive weight gain (n=190, 11.4 %), non-obese with excessive weight gain (n=532, 31.9 %), and obese with excessive weight gain (n=179, 10.7 %). The outcomes were evaluated for gestational diabetes (GDM), pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), newborn large for gestational age (LGA) and cesarean delivery. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant.

The odds of GDM were significant in groups 2 (CR, 3.6; 95 %CI, 2.5-5.2) and 4 (CR,1.9; 95 %CI, 1.3-2.9). The odds of PIH in groups 3 (CR, 1.7; 95 %CI, 1-2.6) and 4 (CR,3.1; 95 %CI, 1.9-5.2) and those of LGA newborns in groups 2 (CR, 2.0; 95 %CI, 1.2-3.3), 3 (CR, 2.6; 95 %CI, 1.9-3.7), and 4 (CR, 3.2; 95 %CI, 2-5) were high.

The odds of GDM were higher in participants with pregestational obesity, while the odds of PIH were higher in participants with excessive weight gain. All groups analyzed, except the reference group, had greater chances of LGA newborns. the form of delivery was not affected.