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Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue

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In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...

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Updated: Jun 9, 2025

Promotion of Survival and Differentiation of Neural Stem Cells with Fibrin and Growth Factor Cocktails after Severe Spinal Cord Injury

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Published on: July 27, 2014

Human Amniotic Epithelial Stem Cells Promote Functional Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury In Rats By Regulating The

Hongyan Zhang¹, Jingjing Liu¹, Beike Chen¹

¹Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.

Molecular Neurobiology

|October 29, 2024

Summary

Human amniotic epithelial stem cells (hAESCs) significantly improve motor function recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats. Higher doses showed better results by reducing inflammation and promoting nerve repair.

Keywords:

Human amniotic epithelial stem cells Motor function Neuroinflammation Neuroprotection Spinal cord injury

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Neural Stem Cell Transplantation in Experimental Contusive Model of Spinal Cord Injury

Neural Stem Cell Transplantation in Experimental Contusive Model of Spinal Cord Injury

Published on: December 17, 2014

Area of Science:

Regenerative Medicine
Neuroscience
Stem Cell Biology

Background:

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe condition with limited effective treatments.
Human amniotic epithelial stem cells (hAESCs) offer therapeutic potential due to their advantageous properties.
The efficacy and mechanisms of hAESCs in treating SCI require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the impact of hAESC transplantation on motor function recovery in a rat SCI model.
To investigate the underlying mechanisms of hAESC-mediated therapeutic effects in SCI.

Main Methods:

Administration of varying doses of hAESCs post-SCI in rats.
Assessment of motor function using the Basso Beattie Bresnahan (BBB) test, inclined plate scale, and motor evoked potential (MEP) analysis.
Histological and molecular analyses to examine tissue damage, neuronal survival, myelination, and inflammatory markers.

Main Results:

hAESC transplantation significantly enhanced motor function recovery, with dose-dependent improvements.
Treatment reduced spinal cord tissue damage, increased neuron and myelin sheath counts, and decreased glial scar formation.
hAESCs modulated inflammatory responses by inhibiting TNF-α and IL-6, increasing IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13, and promoting M2 macrophage polarization.

Conclusions:

hAESCs promote motor function recovery in SCI by reducing neuroinflammation and shifting macrophages towards an M2 phenotype.
These findings suggest hAESCs as a promising therapeutic strategy for spinal cord injury.