Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 9, 2025

Laboratory Protocol for Genetic Gut Content Analyses of Aquatic Macroinvertebrates Using Group-specific rDNA Primers
Published on: October 5, 2017
Comparative satellite DNA mapping in species of the genus Prochilodus (Teleostei, Characiformes) and its evolutionary
Rodrigo Zeni Dos Santos1, Caio Augusto Gomes Goes1, José Henrique Forte Stornioli1,2
1Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, 17033-360, Bauru-SP, Brazil.
Abstract:
Satellite DNA (satDNA) sequences are dynamic components of the eukaryotic genome that can play significant roles in species diversification. The Prochilodontidae family, which includes 21 Neotropical fish species, is characterized by a conserved karyotype of 2n = 54 biarmed chromosomes, with variation in some species and populations regarding the presence or absence of B chromosomes. This study aimed to investigate whether the chromosomal distribution of specific satDNA sequences is conserved among three Prochilodus species (Prochilodus lineatus, Prochilodus costatus, and Prochilodus argenteus) regarding organization and number of loci, and to compare their genomes using comparative genomic hybridization (CGH). Our results demonstrated that most satDNA sequences share a similar distribution pattern across the three species, and CGH analysis corroborated that their karyotypes are very similar in terms of repetitive DNA distribution. We also identified a potential CENP-B box sequence within PliSat01, a satDNA located in the pericentromeric region of all analyzed species. In contrast, PliSat04 and PliSat14 displayed differential locations and variations in the number of loci per genome, underscoring the dynamic nature of repetitive sequences even in species with otherwise highly conserved genomes. These findings represent the first evidence of karyotype diversification in Prochilodus, highlighting the evolutionary dynamism of satDNA sequences.
Related Concept Videos
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons
Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?
In contrast, regions which code...
Convergent Evolution
Synteny and Evolution
Around 80 million years ago, the human and mice lineages diverged from the common ancestor. During the course of evolution, the ancestral...
Lampbrush Chromosomes
LBCs are made up of two pairs of conjugating homologous chromatids. Each chromatid consists of alternatively positioned regions of condensed-inactive chromatin and loosely placed-active side loops, which can be contracted and extended. The loops...
Phylogenetic Trees

