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Related Concept Videos

Shearing Stress01:18

Shearing Stress

Shearing stress, denoted by the Greek letter tau (τ), is stress caused by forces acting transversely on an object. These forces create internal ones within the entity in the plane where the external forces are applied. The resultant of these internal forces is the shear in the section.
The average shearing stress can be calculated by dividing the shear by the area of the cross-section.
Elastic Strain Energy for Shearing Stresses01:20

Elastic Strain Energy for Shearing Stresses

As discussed in previous lessons, strain energy in a material is the energy stored when it is elastically deformed, a concept crucial in materials science and mechanical engineering. This energy results from the internal work done against the cohesive forces within the material. When a material undergoes shearing stress and corresponding shearing strain, the strain energy density, which is the energy stored per unit volume, is calculated. Within the elastic limit, where the stress is...

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Using a Microfluidics Device for Mechanical Stimulation and High Resolution Imaging of C. elegans
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Shear stress sensing in C. elegans.

Zhiyong Zhang1, Xia Li2, Can Wang3

  • 1College of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of MOE, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China; Life Sciences Institute, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.

Current Biology : CB
|October 29, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The nematode worm, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), navigates external fluid flow by sensing shear stress. This response is mediated by specific neurons and molecular pathways, establishing C. elegans as a model for mechanosensation research.

Keywords:
atherosclerosisflow sensingmechanicalmechanobiologymechanosensorymechanotransductionshear forcetouch

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Area of Science:

  • Mechanobiology
  • Neuroscience
  • Animal Behavior

Background:

  • Shear stress sensing is crucial for animal physiology, particularly in vascular systems.
  • Understanding external environmental shear stress sensing in animals remains limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) senses and responds to external shear stress from fluid flow.
  • To elucidate the neural and molecular mechanisms underlying shear stress-induced behaviors in C. elegans.

Main Methods:

  • Behavioral assays tracking C. elegans in response to fluid flow.
  • Neuronal activity recording and genetic manipulation in C. elegans.
  • Molecular pathway analysis involving G protein signaling and cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels.

Main Results:

  • C. elegans exhibits behavioral responses to external fluid flow, aiding navigation.
  • The AWC, ASH, and ASER neurons are key shear stress sensors, with AWC being critical.
  • Shear stress is transduced via G protein signaling and cGMP in AWC, activating CNG channels for neuronal excitation.

Conclusions:

  • C. elegans effectively senses and responds to external shear stress.
  • The study characterizes the neural circuit and molecular mechanisms of shear stress sensation in C. elegans.
  • C. elegans serves as a valuable genetic model for studying shear stress mechanosensation.