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Correlation between implant angulation and crestal bone changes: A 5-year retrospective study.

Donghyun Kim¹, Kihyun Kim², Joo-Young Ohe³

¹Graduate student, Department of Dentistry, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry

|October 29, 2024

Summary

Nonaxial implant positioning leads to greater peri-implant bone loss compared to axial positioning. Careful consideration of implant angulation and antagonist type is crucial for minimizing bone loss around dental implants.

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Area of Science:

Dental Implantology
Biomaterials Science
Radiology

Background:

Previous research on nonaxial forces and peri-implant bone loss primarily focused on mesiodistal angulations.
Multidirectional implant angulations, including buccolingual aspects, may influence peri-implant bone loss differently than mesiodistal measurements alone.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the correlation between multidirectional implant angulations and peri-implant crestal bone loss.
To determine if multidirectional angulations provide a more accurate assessment of bone loss risk.

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of 506 dental implants in 288 patients over a mean follow-up of 5.1 years.
Utilized periapical radiographs and CAD files to assess implant angulation (mesiodistal and buccolingual) and peri-implant bone loss.
Excluded patients with uncontrolled systemic disease; analyzed variables including implant location, antagonist type, and attrition status.

Main Results:

Nonaxial implants showed significantly greater mean peri-implant bone loss (0.22 ±0.48 mm) compared to axial implants (0.10 ±0.39 mm).
Increased bone loss was observed with implant-supported prostheses as antagonists and in mandibular locations.
The correlation between multidirectional implant angulation and bone loss was statistically significant (P<.05).

Conclusions:

A significant correlation exists between multidirectional implant angulation and peri-implant bone loss.
Nonaxially positioned implants are associated with increased bone loss, influenced by implant location and antagonist type.
Optimizing implant angulation and considering antagonist factors are vital for mitigating peri-implant bone loss.