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The association between low carbohydrate dietary score (LCDS) and cardiovascular risk factors: results from the

Zahra Mosallanezhad1, Mohammad Jalali1, Cain C T Clark2

  • 1Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

BMC Public Health
|October 30, 2024
PubMed

Insights

A low carbohydrate dietary score (LCDS) was associated with reduced central obesity in Iranian adults. Adherence to a low carbohydrate diet may improve body shape index (ABSI), a key indicator of abdominal obesity.

Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of mortality globally.
  • Dietary carbohydrate indices are increasingly recognized for their potential impact on cardiovascular health.
  • Existing research on carbohydrate intake and CVD risk presents conflicting findings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between the low carbohydrate dietary score (LCDS) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in Iranian adults.
  • To clarify the role of carbohydrate intake patterns in cardiometabolic risk.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 1982 adults from the Shiraz Heart Study (SHS).
  • Dietary intake was assessed using a validated 168-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ).
  • Logistic regression analysis was employed to examine associations between LCDS and cardiometabolic risk factors.

Main Results:

  • Higher adherence to a low carbohydrate diet (highest LCDS tertile) was significantly associated with a reduced body shape index (ABSI), an indicator of central obesity (OR=0.70, P=0.038).
  • No significant associations were found between LCDS and hypertension, body mass index, waist-hip ratio, triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-c, HDL-c, atherogenic index of plasma, or fasting blood sugar.

Conclusions:

  • Adherence to a low carbohydrate diet is linked to a reduction in ABSI, a primary measure of central obesity.
  • These findings suggest a potential benefit of low carbohydrate diets in managing central obesity within this population.
Abstract

Keywords:
Cardiovascular diseaseCohort studyLow carbohydrate dietNutritionObesity

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