Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Indirect Motor Pathways01:22

Indirect Motor Pathways

1.4K
The indirect motor or extrapyramidal pathways originate in the brainstem, the lower portion of the brain that connects it to the spinal cord. They consist of several distinct tracts, each with specialized functions. The four main tracts of the indirect motor pathways are the vestibulospinal tract, the reticulospinal tract, the tectospinal tract, and the rubrospinal tract.
The vestibulospinal tract originates in the vestibular nuclei of the brainstem. The vestibular system detects changes in...
1.4K
Neurulation01:30

Neurulation

41.7K
Neurulation is the embryological process which forms the precursors of the central nervous system and occurs after gastrulation has established the three primary cell layers of the embryo: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. In humans, the majority of this system is formed via primary neurulation, in which the central portion of the ectoderm—originally appearing as a flat sheet of cells—folds upwards and inwards, sealing off to form a hollow neural tube. As development proceeds, the...
41.7K
Major Somatic Sensory Pathways01:28

Major Somatic Sensory Pathways

910
Sensory impulses related to touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception from various body parts, such as the limbs, trunk, neck, and posterior head, travel to the cerebral cortex through the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. The pathway’s name derives from the two white-matter tracts that convey the impulses: the spinal cord's posterior column and the brainstem's medial lemniscus. First-order sensory neurons extend their axons into the spinal cord, forming the...
910
Vertebral Column: Regions and Curvature01:16

Vertebral Column: Regions and Curvature

3.5K
The vertebral column or spine is a flexible column that supports the head, neck, and body and  allows for their movements. It also protects the spinal cord.
Regions of the Vertebral Column
In an adult, the spine is subdivided into five regions: the cervical, the thoracic, the lumbar, the sacral, and the coccygeal region. The spine initially develops as a series of 33 vertebrae; after 20 years of age, the nine bones in the sacral region, five sacral, and four coccygeal bones fuse to form...
3.5K
Gastrulation01:56

Gastrulation

56.7K
Gastrulation establishes the three primary tissues of an embryo: the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. This developmental process relies on a series of intricate cellular movements, which in humans transforms a flat, “bilaminar disc” composed of two cell sheets into a three-tiered structure. In the resulting embryo, the endoderm serves as the bottom layer, and stacked directly above it is the intermediate mesoderm, and then the uppermost ectoderm. Respectively, these tissue strata...
56.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Longitudinal Maternal IgG and IgA Glycosylation Profiles in Pregnancy Reveal Early Immune Alterations in Placenta-Related Complications: The Rotterdam Periconception Cohort.

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)·2026
Same author

Developing internationally agreed core indicators for surveillance of preconception health: protocol for a consensus study.

PloS one·2026
Same author

Associations of ambient temperature exposure with embryonic and early fetal development.

International journal of epidemiology·2026
Same author

Exploring User Perspectives on a Digital Preconception Care Risk Assessment Tool.

Studies in health technology and informatics·2026
Same author

Further development and (cost-)effectiveness of the Smarter Pregnancy lifestyle program tailored for pregnant women with obesity (HYGEIA trial).

BMC pregnancy and childbirth·2026
Same author

Towards effective digital lifestyle interventions for pregnant women with obesity: A qualitative study exploring women's and healthcare providers' perspectives.

Digital health·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2025

Probing the Roles of Physical Forces in Early Chick Embryonic Morphogenesis
06:33

Probing the Roles of Physical Forces in Early Chick Embryonic Morphogenesis

Published on: June 5, 2018

7.2K

Early Supraspinal Influences on Human Embryonic Posture.

Sophie Plasschaert1, Annemarie Mulders1, Anne Frudiger1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Developmental Psychobiology
|October 30, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Embryonic body posture at 9 weeks gestational age shows variations, indicating early neurodevelopmental influences. Researchers used virtual reality and 4D ultrasound to study fetal movement patterns and symmetry.

Keywords:
embryofour‐dimensional (4D) ultrasoundposturevirtual reality

More Related Videos

Experimental Methods to Study Human Postural Control
08:12

Experimental Methods to Study Human Postural Control

Published on: September 11, 2019

9.4K
Spinal Cord Electrophysiology
04:59

Spinal Cord Electrophysiology

Published on: January 18, 2010

21.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 9, 2025

Probing the Roles of Physical Forces in Early Chick Embryonic Morphogenesis
06:33

Probing the Roles of Physical Forces in Early Chick Embryonic Morphogenesis

Published on: June 5, 2018

7.2K
Experimental Methods to Study Human Postural Control
08:12

Experimental Methods to Study Human Postural Control

Published on: September 11, 2019

9.4K
Spinal Cord Electrophysiology
04:59

Spinal Cord Electrophysiology

Published on: January 18, 2010

21.4K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Understanding embryonic development is crucial for assessing neurodevelopmental trajectories.
  • Limited data exists on embryonic body posture and its relation to early neurological development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate embryonic body posture, including preference, symmetry, and lateralization during rest.
  • To enhance knowledge of neurodevelopment through analysis of fetal positioning.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized virtual reality (VR) and four-dimensional (4D) ultrasound techniques.
  • Analyzed resting embryonic body posture at 9 weeks gestational age (GA).
  • Combined joint positions to determine total body posture and analyzed variations over time.

Main Results:

  • Observed 27 different embryonic body postures across 16 analyzed embryos.
  • Identified interindividual and intraindividual variations in posture.
  • Noted asymmetry in upper extremities and lateralization of the head and spine in some embryos.

Conclusions:

  • Embryonic posture at 9 weeks GA exhibits variations, suggesting early supraspinal influences on neurodevelopment.
  • Findings indicate potential for using posture analysis to gain insights into embryonic central nervous system development.
  • Further longitudinal studies are recommended to deepen understanding of embryonic health and development.