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Translational Insights From Cell Type Variation Across Amygdala Subnuclei in Rhesus Monkeys and Humans.

Shawn Kamboj¹, Erin L Carlson¹, Bradley P Ander¹

¹Department of Psychology (Kamboj, Fox), California National Primate Research Center (Kamboj, Bauman, Fox), and MIND Institute (Carlson, Ander, Hanson, Bauman, Schumann), University of California, Davis; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Carlson, Hanson, Schumann), Department of Neurology (Ander), and Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology (Murray, Bauman), School of Medicine, University of California, Davis; Department of Neuroscience and Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY (Fudge).

The American Journal of Psychiatry

|October 30, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study maps amygdala cell types in humans and macaques, identifying specific cell clusters linked to neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders. These findings aid research into brain disorders and potential treatments.

Keywords:

Anxiety Disorders Depressive Disorders Genetics/Genomics Neuroscience Single-Cell

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Genomics
Comparative Biology

Background:

Understanding amygdala function is crucial for psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders.
Limited knowledge of amygdala cell composition hinders translational research for new treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

To characterize and compare amygdala cell composition in humans and rhesus macaques.
To bridge the gap between preclinical models and human psychiatric/neurodevelopmental disorders.
To identify specific cell types relevant to human brain disorders.

Main Methods:

Single-nucleus RNA sequencing of amygdala subnuclei from humans and rhesus macaques.
Transcriptomic characterization of individual nuclei.
Cross-species comparative analysis.

Main Results:

Substantial cellular heterogeneity observed within amygdala subnuclei, even within neuronal subtypes.
Rhesus macaque model shows promise for human amygdala research but with limitations.
Identified a human-enriched ventral lateral nucleus (vLa) cell cluster potentially linked to autism spectrum disorder.
Discovered cell clusters enriched for genes associated with neuroticism, anxiety, and depressive disorders.

Conclusions:

Findings illuminate amygdala cellular composition and identify key cell types for psychopathology research.
Specific cell clusters are prioritized for basic science to understand human brain disorders.
This research guides the development of potential therapeutic interventions for psychiatric conditions.