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Related Concept Videos

Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells01:19

Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells

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Epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) are mainly located at the basal layer of the epidermis. These cells repair minor injuries of the skin and replace dead skin cells. However, EpiSCs’ cannot heal severe wounds such as major burns or those from diabetes or hereditary disorders. In such cases, culturing the epidermal stem cells from the patient is possible and has yielded successful treatment options, such as laboratory-grown skin grafts. These grafts are synthesized using a patient’s own...
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Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
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Overview of Regeneration and Repair01:19

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Regeneration and repair processes are critical in healing damages caused by injury, disease, and aging. In regeneration, the damaged tissue is entirely replaced with new growth that restores the original architecture and function. In contrast, tissue repair usually results in a fixed tissue architecture involving scar formation. Scars generally do not reestablish tissue function and may also exhibit structural abnormalities at the injury site.
Regeneration
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Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

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Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
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Renewal of Skin Epidermal Stem Cells01:12

Renewal of Skin Epidermal Stem Cells

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The skin is divided into epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, the skin's outermost, middle, and inner layers. The human epidermal layer regularly undergoes renewal, where old, dead cells are replaced by new cells. Epidermal stem cells or EpiSCs divide and differentiate to restore the lost cells. For the renewal process, some EpiSCs continuously self-renew. In contrast, few others differentiate into transit-amplifying cells, which later form prickle or spinous cells, followed by granular...
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Phases of Wound Repair01:28

Phases of Wound Repair

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Following injury, the integrity of the injured tissues must be reestablished. For example, in skin tissue, wound repair involves coordination among resident skin cells, blood mononuclear cells, extracellular matrix, growth factors, and cytokines to complete the healing cascade.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2025

Isolation, Culture, and Characterization of Primary Dermal Fibroblasts from Human Keloid Tissue
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Future Directions About Keloid Scars Based on Pathogenesis and Therapies.

Guiyun Zhang1, Zhe Liu1, Zhen Li2

  • 1Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, People's Republic of China.

Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology
|October 30, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Keloid scars are difficult to treat due to unknown causes. This review explores keloid pathogenesis, current treatments, and future therapies like gene editing for better management.

Keywords:
keloid scarspathogenesistherapies

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pathology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Keloids are pathological scars causing functional and cosmetic issues.
  • Standardized keloid management guidelines are lacking.
  • Keloid scar pathogenesis is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathogenesis of keloid scars.
  • To analyze conventional and novel therapeutic approaches.
  • To discuss future directions in keloid scar treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of keloid pathogenesis.
  • Analysis of conventional therapies (surgery, pharmacotherapy, radiotherapy, cryotherapy, silicone, pressure, light therapy).
  • Exploration of emerging treatments (pharmacotherapies, physical therapies, biological therapies) and future directions (targeted therapies, gene editing, tissue engineering, regenerative medicine).

Main Results:

  • Keloid formation involves complex molecular and cellular mechanisms.
  • Conventional therapies have varying efficacy and limitations.
  • Novel and future therapies show promise for improved keloid scar management.

Conclusions:

  • A deeper understanding of keloid pathogenesis is crucial.
  • Integrated therapeutic strategies combining conventional and novel approaches are needed.
  • Future research should focus on targeted therapies, regenerative medicine, and patient support for comprehensive keloid management.