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Robust Ligature-Induced Model of Murine Periodontitis for the Evaluation of Oral Neutrophils
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Outer Membrane Vesicles Derived From Fusobacterium nucleatum Trigger Periodontitis Through Host Overimmunity

Li Zhang1, Demao Zhang2, Chengcheng Liu1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|October 30, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) from Fusobacterium nucleatum independently cause periodontitis by increasing inflammation and bone loss. These bacterial OMVs activate immune responses in human periodontal ligament stem cells, contributing to disease progression.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Periodontology

Background:

  • Periodontal diseases are driven by bacterial virulence factors and host immune responses.
  • Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) act as critical mediators between bacteria and host tissues.
  • The specific role of Fusobacterium nucleatum OMVs in periodontitis requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of OMVs from Fusobacterium nucleatum in the development of periodontitis.
  • To determine if OMVs can independently induce periodontitis and elucidate their pathogenic mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Establishment of a rat periodontitis model.
  • Analysis of OMVs' pathogenic components using omics.
  • Investigation of OMVs' effects on human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) in vitro, including endocytosis, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and NF-κB signaling.

Main Results:

  • F. nucleatum-derived OMVs significantly worsened periodontitis in rats, comparable to the bacteria itself.
  • OMVs were demonstrated to independently induce periodontitis.
  • OMVs activated NLRP3 inflammasomes and impaired hPDLSC mineralization via NF-κB signaling, leading to periodontium injury and alveolar bone damage.

Conclusions:

  • OMVs from F. nucleatum are a significant pathogenic factor in periodontitis.
  • OMVs contribute to periodontitis by triggering inflammatory responses and impairing bone health.
  • Understanding OMV pathogenicity offers new avenues for periodontitis prevention.
Keywords:
alveolar bonefusobacterium nucleatumimmunityouter membrane vesiclesperiodontitis

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