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Updated: Jun 9, 2025

Development of a Preclinical Inhalation Model to Test Vaporized Cannabis Distillates
Published on: May 30, 2025
Methodological challenges and actionable recommendations in studying the health effects of high-concentration THC
Tianjing Li1,2, George Sam Wang3, Ashley Brooks-Russell4
1Department of Ophthalmology School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.
Abstract:
In conducting a scoping review on the health effects of high-concentration cannabis products, we have uncovered pervasive methodological shortcomings within the cannabis literature. This review begins by defining the "causal effect" of interest for public health and delineating the desirable features of study design that can address crucial questions pertaining to public health and policy. We further delve into the methodological complexities inherent in studying the health effects of high-concentration cannabis products, describing challenges associated with the measurement of exposures and outcomes, confounding, selection bias, and the generalizability of findings. We introduce causal inference methods to mitigate potential biases in observational cannabis use studies. We identify specific areas that necessitate further development and investigation to deepen our understanding of this topic. Finally, this review extends actionable recommendations, serving as a roadmap for upcoming research initiatives in this domain.
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