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Bipolar disorder in people with HIV
Cecilie V Vollmond1, Malte M Tetens1, Jan Gerstoft1
1Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen.
AIDS (London, England)
|October 30, 2024
Summary
Bipolar disorder increases HIV infection risk, particularly with injection drug use. People with HIV have a higher risk of bipolar disorder, even beyond genetic factors.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Bipolar disorder is a serious mental health condition.
- HIV infection remains a significant global health concern.
- Understanding comorbidities is crucial for comprehensive patient care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between bipolar disorder and HIV infection risk.
- To determine if people with HIV (PWH) have an increased risk of bipolar disorder.
- To examine the risk of bipolar disorder in siblings of PWH.
Main Methods:
- A nationwide, population-based study using matched nested case-control and cohort designs.
- Inclusion of PWH, a general population comparison cohort, and sibling cohorts.
- Statistical analysis using conditional logistic regression and Cox regression.
Main Results:
- Bipolar disorder was linked to a higher risk of HIV infection (aOR: 1.9), especially via injection drug use (aOR: 7.6).
- PWH showed an increased risk of bipolar disorder, particularly in the initial two years (HR: 4.2).
- Siblings of PWH also had a higher risk of bipolar disorder, but less so than PWH.
Conclusions:
- Bipolar disorders are associated with an increased risk of acquiring HIV infection.
- PWH face a heightened risk of developing bipolar disorder, independent of familial influences.
- The findings highlight the complex interplay between mental health and infectious diseases.
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