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Racial Socialization in the United States
Sylvia P Perry1,2,3, Jamie L Abaied4, Deborah J Wu5
1Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Annual Review of Psychology
|October 30, 2024
Summary
Societal forces significantly influence how young people develop racial beliefs and engage with race. Understanding these influences is crucial for addressing racial inequality and informing future research.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Sociology
- Racial Studies
Background:
- Societal forces profoundly shape how youth develop racial beliefs and engage with race.
- Racial socialization is a key process influencing individuals' understanding and interaction with race.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore how societal factors influence youths' racial socialization processes in the United States.
- To examine how youths learn racial beliefs, engage with race in various contexts, and contribute to racial inequality.
Main Methods:
- Literature review synthesizing psychological theories and empirical research.
- Analysis of the roles of family, peers, media, and environmental cues in racial socialization.
Main Results:
- Racial socialization is shaped by interactions within families, peer groups, media consumption, and environmental contexts.
- These socialization processes impact youths' engagement with race and contribute to the persistence or reduction of racial inequality.
Conclusions:
- Interventions can enhance positive racial socialization outcomes.
- Future research should further investigate racial and broader socialization processes in diverse international contexts.
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