Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 4, 2026
Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer
Published on: March 1, 2015
Physiological and Functional Restoration of the Modiolus Using a Double Tendon Sling in Patients With Full-Thickness
Taku Maeda1, Toshihiko Hayashi2, Kosuke Ishikawa1
1From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Background:
Reconstruction of the oral modiolus should be considered for facial defects involving the lip and cheek. We have performed free flap reconstruction using a novel technique that includes a vertical and a horizontal sling for full-thickness defects involving the oral commissure.
Patients And Methods:
We used a free radial forearm flap and the palmaris longus tendon to correct lip and cheek defects in 6 patients (3 men, 3 women; age, 55-84 years). The tendon was divided into 2 portions for use as the double sling. One sling was used to connect the upper and lower stumps of the orbicularis oris in the vertical direction and the other to connect the vertical sling and masseter muscle. The outcomes assessed were esthetic appearance and functional results.
Results:
The facial defects ranged in size from 3.0 cm × 4.0 cm to 7.0 cm × 6.0 cm and the mucosal defects from 1.5 cm × 4.0 cm to 6.5 cm × 5.0 cm. The length of the harvested tendon ranged from 11.5 to 13.5 cm. All flaps survived without complications. Good esthetic outcomes were achieved (excellent facial appearance, n = 1; no lip deviation or drooping, n = 5). Functionally, all patients had acceptable mouth opening and were able to eat a regular diet.
Conclusions:
Good physiological and functional results can be achieved using a double tendon sling for reconstruction of the modiolus in patients with full-thickness defects involving the oral commissure.
More Related Videos
06:36A Novel Tenorrhaphy Suture Technique with Tissue Engineered Collagen Graft to Repair Large Tendon Defects
Published on: December 10, 2021
09:07Author Spotlight: Advancing Endoscopic Ossiculoplasty – Techniques, Innovations, and Practical Guidance for Clinical Integration
Published on: January 26, 2024
Related Concept Videos
01:27Fractures: Bone Repair
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the procedure...
01:15Teeth
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin and...