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Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...

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An Adaptive Approach in Polymer-Drug Nanoparticle Engineering using Slanted Electrohydrodynamic Needles and

Amna Ali1, Saman Zafar2, Manoochehr Rasekh3

  • 1Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK.

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|October 31, 2024
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Optimizing electrohydrodynamic atomisation (EHDA) needle design enhances nanoparticle production. Slanted needle tips improve particle uniformity and collection efficiency for pharmaceutical applications.

Keywords:
curcuminelectrohydrodynamic atomisationelectrospraynanoparticlesparticle engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science and Engineering
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Conventional electrohydrodynamic atomisation (EHDA) systems often overlook the impact of spraying needle geometry and alignment.
  • Nanoparticle fabrication, particularly for drug delivery, requires precise control over particle size, uniformity, and collection efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the adaptive development of spraying needles for EHDA systems.
  • To explore the impact of needle geometry (blunt vs. slanted) and flow rates on the fabrication of curcumin-loaded polymeric nanoparticles.
  • To optimize EHDA parameters for controlled deposition and scalable pharmaceutical applications.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of curcumin-loaded polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) and methoxypolyethylene glycol amine (PEG)-based nanoparticles using a horizontal EHDA regime.
  • Utilisation of three PLGA:PEG formulations (50:50, 75:25, 25:75) with blunt and 45° slanted needle tip geometries at varying flow rates (5–100 µL/min).
  • In-silico analysis including molecular docking and fluid dynamics simulations; characterisation using SEM, DSC, FTIR, XRD, contact angle, encapsulation efficiency, and release studies.

Main Results:

  • Successful engineering of curcumin-loaded polymeric nanoparticles (<150 nm) with improved uniformity and collection efficiency using slanted needles.
  • In-silico studies confirmed the stability of curcumin, PEG, and PLGA, and predicted stable fluid flow towards the Taylor cone.
  • Electron micrographs and deposition patterns showed significant differences between blunt and angled needles, with slanted needles enhancing particle distribution and uniformity (CV of 25.6% vs. 30.5%).

Conclusions:

  • The geometry and planar alignment of EHDA spraying needles significantly impact nanoparticle characteristics and process efficiency.
  • Slanted needle tips, combined with optimized processing parameters (voltage, flow rate), lead to enhanced control over spray patterns and nanoparticulate formation.
  • This optimized EHDA approach offers a cost-effective and scalable method for producing uniform nanoparticles for pharmaceutical applications.