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Positron emission tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique involving radiopharmaceuticals — substances that emit short-lived radiation. Although the first PET scanner was introduced in 1961, it took 15 more years before radiopharmaceuticals were combined with the technique and revolutionized its potential.
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  9. Predictive And Prognostic Markers
  11. Non-invasive Assessment Of Programmed Cell Death Ligand-1 Expression Using 18f-fdg Pet-ct Imaging In Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Non-invasive assessment of programmed cell death ligand-1 expression using 18F-FDG PET-CT imaging in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Liming Miao1, Gang Xiao2, Wanqi Chen3

  • 1School of Computer and Information Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, 521041, Guangdong, China.

Scientific Reports
|October 31, 2024

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View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed a radiomics model using 18F-FDG PET-CT scans to non-invasively assess Programmed Cell Death Ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression in esophageal cancer. The model accurately predicts PD-L1 levels, overcoming biopsy limitations.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Programmed Cell Death Ligand-1 (PD-L1) is crucial for cancer immunotherapy, but its assessment via biopsy is limited by tumor heterogeneity.
  • Biopsies provide a localized view of PD-L1 expression, potentially leading to inaccurate assessments due to spatial and temporal variations within tumors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a non-invasive radiomics model for assessing PD-L1 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
  • To overcome the limitations of traditional biopsy methods in capturing the full picture of PD-L1 heterogeneity.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 2,386 metabolic tumor volume (MTV) features extracted from 18F-FDG PET-CT images.
  • Development of a radiomics model through feature screening, identifying seven independent factors predictive of PD-L1 expression.
Keywords:
18F-FDG PET-CTEsophageal carcinomaMetabolic tumor volumePD-L1

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  • Validation of the model using training and validation cohorts.

    • Main Results:

    • The radiomics model demonstrated strong discrimination for PD-L1 expression, achieving an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.888 in the training cohort and 0.889 in the validation cohort.
    • Decision curve analysis indicated that the radiomics model provides greater net benefits for predicting PD-L1 levels at threshold probabilities below 0.669.
    • Clinical impact curves showed a loss-to-benefit ratio less than one in all cases when the threshold probability was below 0.501.

    Conclusions:

    • A non-invasive radiomics model based on 18F-FDG PET-CT imaging can reliably assess PD-L1 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
    • This radiomics approach offers a more holistic and accurate evaluation of PD-L1 status compared to traditional biopsy methods.
    • The model shows significant clinical utility in guiding treatment decisions by providing a comprehensive assessment of PD-L1 expression.
    Radiomics