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Size Exclusion Chromatography to Analyze Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicle Heterogeneity
Published on: March 31, 2021
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Corynebacterial membrane vesicles disrupt cariogenic interkingdom assemblages
Puthayalai Treerat1,2, Tanner Rozendal3, Camilla de Mattos1
1Biomaterial and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), Portland, Oregon, USA.
Applied and Environmental Microbiology
|October 31, 2024
Summary
Corynebacterium durum prevents harmful interactions between Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans, key players in severe early childhood caries. This discovery offers new strategies for managing polymicrobial oral diseases.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Oral Health
- Disease Ecology
Background:
- Polymicrobial diseases like severe early childhood caries (s-ECC) are challenging to treat due to microbial resistance and complex interactions.
- The balance of the human microbiome is crucial for preventing overgrowth of pathobionts such as Candida albicans.
- The interaction between C. albicans and Streptococcus mutans exacerbates s-ECC severity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of oral Corynebacterium species in disrupting detrimental interkingdom microbial interactions.
- To understand the mechanisms by which Corynebacterium durum interferes with Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans.
- To explore the potential of Corynebacterium durum as a beneficial commensal for managing polymicrobial oral diseases.
Main Methods:
- Investigated the disruption of interkingdom assemblages between C. albicans and S. mutans by Corynebacterium durum and its extracellular membrane vesicles.
- Analyzed the genetic mechanisms, including HWP1 gene expression, involved in the interaction interference.
- Assessed the impact of C. durum on C. albicans systemic virulence using the Galleria mellonella infection model.
Main Results:
- Corynebacterium durum, and its extracellular membrane vesicles, effectively disrupt the interkingdom interaction between C. albicans and S. mutans.
- Downregulation of HWP1 expression was identified as a key genetic mechanism for this disruption.
- C. durum demonstrated the ability to impede C. albicans systemic virulence in vivo.
Conclusions:
- Oral Corynebacterium species, specifically C. durum, can act as beneficial commensals by inhibiting pathogenic microbial partnerships.
- Extracellular membrane vesicles from C. durum possess antifungal properties and interfere with fungal hyphae formation.
- These findings suggest novel therapeutic avenues for managing polymicrobial diseases by harnessing the natural inhibitory effects of commensal bacteria.
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