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Clinical Profile of Cerebrovascular Disease Population in Sorsogon: A Hospital-based Study
Frances Jane Hermo-Aganon1, John Jerusalem Tiongson1
1Department of Neurology, The Medical City, Ortigas Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines.
Insights
In the Philippines, ischemic stroke is most common, often linked to hypertension and diabetes. This study highlights significant stroke risk factors and a high mortality rate in Sorsogon province.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Stroke is a leading cause of mortality in the Philippines, with limited local epidemiological data.
- Cerebrovascular disease significantly impacts the Filipino population, necessitating localized research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the epidemiology of cerebrovascular disease in a rural Philippine setting.
- To explore demographic characteristics, risk factors, clinical presentation, and outcomes of stroke patients in Sorsogon province.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 721 adult patients diagnosed with stroke (ICD-10) admitted to two tertiary hospitals in Sorsogon.
- Data collection involved a manual review of patient charts, focusing on demographics, risk factors, clinical findings, neuroimaging, and outcomes.
Main Results:
- The study included 721 patients with a mean age of 63.06 years; 64.7% had ischemic stroke and 29.7% had hemorrhagic stroke.
- Key risk factors identified were hypertension (65%), prior stroke (16.2%), and diabetes (11.4%).
- Common presenting symptoms included one-sided weakness (41.3%) and slurred speech (14.2%).
Conclusions:
- Ischemic stroke is the predominant type in this rural Philippine province.
- Diabetes showed a stronger association with ischemic stroke, while hypertension was linked to hemorrhagic stroke.
- The observed mortality rate for cerebrovascular disease in this population was 26.8%.
Objectives:
In the Philippines, an estimated half million are affected annually by stroke. It is the third most common cause of mortality among Filipinos. Locally, there are limited data on the epidemiology of stroke in the country. This study aimed to study cerebrovascular disease in the rural setting in the country, primarily exploring the demographic characteristics, risk factors, clinical profile, and outcomes of patients assessed with cerebrovascular disease in the province of Sorsogon.
Methods:
This was a retrospective study of all adult patients admitted to two tertiary hospitals in Sorsogon between February 1, 2020, and January 31, 2021, with a stroke diagnosis (International Classification of Diseases, Revision 10). A manual review of the charts and demographics, risk factors, clinical presentation, neuroimaging findings, and outcome were recorded.
Results:
A total of 721 cases with a mean age of 63.06 ± 13.96 years were involved in the analysis. Of all the stroke cases, 64.7% were ischemic, and 29.7% were hemorrhagic strokes. The most common risk factors for stroke occurrence were hypertension (65%), history of stroke (16.2%), and diabetes (11.4%). Most sought consultation was due to one-sided weakness (41.3%) and slurring speech (14.2%).
Conclusion:
In a third-class province in the Philippines, the most common type of stroke was an ischemic stroke. Analysis showed that diabetes was more associated with ischemia while hypertension was significantly associated with hemorrhagic stroke. A mortality rate of 26.8% was seen in this cerebrovascular disease population.
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