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Related Concept Videos

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
45

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Resting-State Functional Connectivity Predicts Attention Problems in Children: Evidence from the ABCD Study.

Kelly A Duffy1, Nathaniel E Helwig1,2

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, 75 E River Road, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.

Neurosci
|November 1, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Parental drug use and biological sex are key predictors of attention problems in children. Reduced anticorrelation between brain networks, specifically the default mode and dorsal attention networks, is linked to increased attention difficulties.

Keywords:
Poisson regressionadolescent brain cognitive development (ABCD)attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)group elastic net

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder.
  • Previous research indicates significant brain differences in individuals with ADHD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between resting-state functional brain connectivity and ADHD symptomatology in children.
  • To identify key predictors of attention problems, including neuroimaging and demographic factors.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (N=7979) of 9-10 year olds.
  • Employed cross-validated Poisson elastic net regression to predict ADHD symptoms from resting-state functional connectivity and risk factors.
  • Analyzed within- and between-network correlations, biological sex, socioeconomic status, and parental substance use history.

Main Results:

  • Parental history of drug use and biological sex emerged as the strongest predictors of attention problems.
  • The anticorrelation between the default mode network and the dorsal attention network was the sole significant brain network predictor.
  • Diminished anticorrelation between these two networks correlated with heightened attention problems.

Conclusions:

  • Resting-state functional connectivity, particularly the default mode and dorsal attention network interplay, offers insights into attention problems.
  • This study highlights the importance of considering both genetic/environmental risk factors and neural network dynamics in understanding childhood attention difficulties.