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Related Experiment Videos

Metoclopramide decreases renal plasma flow.

R Israel, V O'Mara, B Austin

    Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
    |March 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    High doses of metoclopramide significantly reduce renal plasma flow in humans, suggesting a role for dopamine in maintaining kidney function. This effect may increase the risk of kidney damage, particularly with cisplatin treatment.

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    Area of Science:

    • Nephrology
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Intravenous dopamine administration is known to increase renal plasma flow.
    • The role of endogenous dopamine in maintaining renal plasma flow remains unclear.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effect of high-dose metoclopramide, a potent dopamine blocker, on renal plasma flow.
    • To determine if endogenous dopamine plays a role in maintaining renal plasma flow.

    Main Methods:

    • Renal plasma flow was measured using a single-injection technique with 131I-labeled orthoiodohippurate.
    • Measurements were taken before and after administering high doses (1-2.5 mg/kg) of metoclopramide to 20 patients.
    • Seven control subjects had sequential renal plasma flow measurements without metoclopramide.

    Main Results:

    • Renal plasma flow did not change in the control group.
    • Patients receiving metoclopramide showed a significant decline in renal plasma flow (443 to 387 ml/min; P < 0.001).
    • A decline greater than 20% below baseline was observed in 25% of patients; the effect did not correlate with creatinine clearance, age, or sex.

    Conclusions:

    • High doses of metoclopramide decrease renal plasma flow in humans.
    • These findings suggest a role for dopamine in maintaining renal plasma flow, especially in patients receiving intravenous hydration.
    • Metoclopramide may potentiate cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.

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