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Bovine tuberculosis trends in Wales between 2010 and 2021
Sarah Seery1, Paul Schroeder2,3, Terry Galloway2
1Wales TB Epi Team, APHA Wales Field Services, Caernarfon, UK.
The Veterinary Record
|November 1, 2024
Summary
Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) control in Wales shows overall incidence decline since 2010. However, spatial variations persist, necessitating regionally adapted surveillance and control strategies for cattle herds.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary epidemiology
- Animal health surveillance
Background:
- Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a major animal health issue in Wales.
- Annual cattle herd testing began in 2010, with geographic divisions implemented in 2017 to address varied bTB distribution.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze bTB surveillance data in Wales from 2010 to 2021.
- To assess trends in bTB incidence and prevalence across different regions of Wales.
- To identify risk factors associated with bTB incidents in cattle herds.
Main Methods:
- Observational study utilizing descriptive analysis.
- Poisson regression modeling applied to bTB surveillance data from all Welsh cattle herds.
Main Results:
- Overall decrease in bTB incidence (8.6% to 6.3%) and plateauing prevalence observed since 2010.
- Increased bTB incidence and prevalence noted in specific discrete areas.
- Recurrence and persistence identified as key drivers of bTB infection; enhanced controls and wildlife vaccination showed success in one area.
- Herd size, dairy type, and location are significant risk factors for bTB incidents.
Conclusions:
- bTB trends improved between 2010 and 2021, but significant spatial variations remain.
- Regionally adapted surveillance and control measures are essential for continued bTB eradication efforts in Wales.
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