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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
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T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
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CAR-ving away OX40L with engineered Tregs.

Jonathan S Maltzman1,2

  • 1Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.

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Chimeric antigen receptor T regulatory cells (CAR-Tregs) engineered with OX40 Ligand (OX40L) show potential for treating autoimmune diseases and preventing organ transplant rejection. This approach offers a novel strategy for immune tolerance induction.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Therapy
  • Transplantation Science

Background:

  • Autoimmune diseases involve immune system attacks on self-tissues.
  • Transplantation rejection occurs due to immune responses against foreign organs.
  • Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are crucial for immune tolerance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the therapeutic potential of OX40L-engineered CAR-Tregs.
  • To assess the efficacy of OX40L-CAR-Tregs in preclinical models of autoimmunity and transplantation.

Main Methods:

  • Engineering of T regulatory cells with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) incorporating OX40 Ligand (OX40L).
  • Preclinical testing in models simulating autoimmune conditions and graft rejection.

Main Results:

  • OX40L-CAR-Tregs demonstrated significant immune suppressive capabilities.
  • Therapeutic efficacy observed in reducing autoimmune pathology and prolonging graft survival.

Conclusions:

  • OX40L-CAR-Tregs represent a promising cell-based therapy for immune-mediated diseases.
  • This strategy may offer new avenues for managing autoimmunity and improving transplant outcomes.