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Incident dementia in ischaemic stroke patients with early cardiac complications: A propensity-score matched cohort

Tommaso Bucci1,2,3, Sylvia E Choi1,2, Christopher Tw Tsang4

  • 1Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK.

European Stroke Journal
|November 2, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Patients with stroke-heart syndrome (SHS) have an increased risk of dementia. This risk is highest in the first 31 days post-stroke and particularly affects younger patients.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Cardiology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Stroke-heart syndrome (SHS) is a complex condition with poorly understood long-term neurological implications.
  • The association between SHS and the subsequent risk of dementia has not been previously investigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the 1-year risk of dementia in patients diagnosed with stroke-heart syndrome (SHS).
  • To compare dementia risk between SHS patients and a matched cohort without SHS.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of the TriNetX network (2010-2020) including patients with ischemic stroke.
  • Patients were categorized into SHS and non-SHS groups, with SHS defined by specific cardiac events within 30 days post-stroke.
  • 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) and Cox regression analysis were used to assess dementia and all-cause death risks.

Main Results:

  • Patients with SHS exhibited a significantly higher 1-year risk of incident dementia (HR 1.28).
  • The dementia risk was notably elevated within the first 31 days post-stroke (HR 1.51), primarily due to vascular and mixed dementia types.
  • Increased dementia risk in SHS patients was independent of anticoagulant use, sex, and age, but was highest in those under 75 years.

Conclusions:

  • Stroke-heart syndrome is associated with an elevated risk of developing dementia.
  • Further research is warranted to develop strategies for managing SHS complications and improving patient outcomes.
Abstract

Keywords:
Strokecardiovascular eventsdementia

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