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ECSIT: Biological function and involvement in diseases.

Tan Zhang1, Jingcheng Fan1, Xin Wen1

  • 1School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, PR China; Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health, Shanghai 200438, PR China.

International Immunopharmacology
|November 2, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Evolutionary conserved signaling intermediate in Toll pathways (ECSIT) is crucial for innate immunity and mitochondrial health. This review clarifies ECSIT

Keywords:
ADECSITInnate immune responsesMetabolismMitochondriaNF-κB signaling

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Evolutionary conserved signaling intermediate in Toll pathways (ECSIT) identified as a cytosolic adaptor in Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling.
  • ECSIT plays a role in innate immune responses and mitochondrial homeostasis.
  • Existing research on ECSIT has knowledge gaps, necessitating a comprehensive review.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively summarize the biological functions of ECSIT.
  • To focus on ECSIT's roles in innate immune responses and mitochondrial homeostasis.
  • To discuss ECSIT's involvement in human diseases and its therapeutic potential.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing studies on ECSIT.
  • Analysis of ECSIT's involvement in NF-κB and RIG-Ⅰ/MAVS signaling pathways.
  • Examination of ECSIT's impact on mitochondrial morphology, function, and quality control.

Main Results:

  • ECSIT regulates innate immune responses by activating NF-κB and potentiating RIG-Ⅰ/MAVS pathway.
  • ECSIT influences mitochondrial functions including CⅠ assembly, mROS production, MMP maintenance, and quality control.
  • ECSIT is implicated in diseases such as Alzheimer's, cardiac hypertrophy, cancer, and ischemic stroke.

Conclusions:

  • ECSIT is a multi-functional protein critical for both innate immunity and mitochondrial homeostasis.
  • Dysregulation of ECSIT contributes to various human pathologies.
  • Understanding ECSIT's mechanisms offers potential therapeutic strategies for related diseases.