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Sinonasal Undifferentiated and Poorly Differentiated Carcinomas: An Update
Arshi Tandon1, Aanchal Kakkar1
1Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.
Surgical Pathology Clinics
|November 3, 2024
Summary
Recent advances clarify sinonasal undifferentiated and poorly differentiated carcinomas (UD/PDca). This review aids in distinguishing these tumors and mimics using molecular and histologic analysis.
Area of Science:
- Pathology
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Sinonasal undifferentiated and poorly differentiated carcinomas (UD/PDca) are challenging diagnoses.
- Histologic overlap exists between UD/PDca subtypes and other sinonasal neoplasms.
- Molecular advancements are refining classification but histology remains primary.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current understanding of sinonasal UD/PDca.
- To highlight challenges in differentiating overlapping entities.
- To guide diagnostic approaches using ancillary testing.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent literature on sinonasal UD/PDca.
- Discussion of diagnostic criteria and ancillary tests.
- Focus on immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, and molecular testing.
Main Results:
- Novel molecularly defined entities within sinonasal UD/PDca have emerged.
- Histologic features often overlap, necessitating careful evaluation.
- Ancillary tests are crucial for accurate subtyping and exclusion of mimics.
Conclusions:
- Accurate diagnosis of sinonasal UD/PDca relies on integrating histology with molecular and immunohistochemical findings.
- Distinguishing between UD/PDca subtypes and mimics requires a comprehensive approach.
- This review provides a framework for navigating diagnostic complexities in sinonasal pathology.
