Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Position-effect Variegation02:32

Position-effect Variegation

6.3K
In 1928, a German botanist Emil Heitz observed the moss nuclei with a DNA binding dye. He observed that while some chromatin regions decondense and spread out in the interphase nucleus, others do not. He termed them euchromatin and heterochromatin, respectively. He proposed that the heterochromatin regions reflect a functionally inactive state of the genome. It was later confirmed that heterochromatin is transcriptionally repressed, and euchromatin is transcriptionally active chromatin.
6.3K
Heterochromatin02:38

Heterochromatin

11.4K
The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions that take up more dye are called heterochromatin. Heterochromatin is further classified into two forms – constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin.
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at...
11.4K
Hedgehog Signaling Pathway02:33

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

7.3K
The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...
7.3K
Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

13.1K
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
13.1K
Spreading of Chromatin Modifications02:25

Spreading of Chromatin Modifications

8.2K
The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer...
8.2K
The Nucleosome Core Particle01:12

The Nucleosome Core Particle

880
Nucleosomes are the DNA-histone complex, where the DNA strand is wound around the histone core. The histone core is an octamer containing two copies of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins.
Nucleosomes, paradoxically, perform two opposite functions simultaneously. On the one hand, their primary aim is to protect the delicate DNA strands from physical damage and help achieve a higher compaction ratio. On the other hand, they must allow polymerase enzymes to access histone-bound DNA during...
880

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Author Correction: In situ cryo-ET defines the ultrastructure of ER exit sites in human cells.

Nature cell biology·2026
Same author

Pioneer-factor activity requires stable chromatin occupancy mediated by both sequence-specific binding and disordered protein domains.

Science advances·2026
Same author

EZH2 Serine 21 Phosphorylation Restrains Compact-State PRC2 Activation and H3K27me3 Propagation.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

In situ cryo-ET defines the ultrastructure of ER exit sites in human cells.

Nature cell biology·2026
Same author

Distinct DAXX effector modules separate H3.3 nucleosome assembly from ERV silencing.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Programmable epigenome editing by transient delivery of CRISPR epigenome editor ribonucleoproteins.

Nature communications·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 8, 2025

HOX Loci Focused CRISPR/sgRNA Library Screening Identifying Critical CTCF Boundaries
10:10

HOX Loci Focused CRISPR/sgRNA Library Screening Identifying Critical CTCF Boundaries

Published on: March 31, 2019

8.3K

Interplay between Two Paralogous Human Silencing Hub (HuSH) Complexes in Regulating LINE-1 Element Silencing.

Zena D Jensvold1, Julia R Flood1, Anna E Christenson1

  • 1Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.

Nature Communications
|November 3, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers discovered a new complex, HuSH2, which works alongside the original HuSH complex. These complexes regulate mobile genetic elements like LINE-1 retrotransposons and other genes, ensuring cellular stability.

More Related Videos

Chromatin Isolation by RNA Purification ChIRP
11:09

Chromatin Isolation by RNA Purification ChIRP

Published on: March 25, 2012

86.2K
Promoter Capture Hi-C: High-resolution, Genome-wide Profiling of Promoter Interactions
10:16

Promoter Capture Hi-C: High-resolution, Genome-wide Profiling of Promoter Interactions

Published on: June 28, 2018

32.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 8, 2025

HOX Loci Focused CRISPR/sgRNA Library Screening Identifying Critical CTCF Boundaries
10:10

HOX Loci Focused CRISPR/sgRNA Library Screening Identifying Critical CTCF Boundaries

Published on: March 31, 2019

8.3K
Chromatin Isolation by RNA Purification ChIRP
11:09

Chromatin Isolation by RNA Purification ChIRP

Published on: March 25, 2012

86.2K
Promoter Capture Hi-C: High-resolution, Genome-wide Profiling of Promoter Interactions
10:16

Promoter Capture Hi-C: High-resolution, Genome-wide Profiling of Promoter Interactions

Published on: June 28, 2018

32.3K

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • The Human Silencing Hub (HuSH) complex is crucial for silencing retrotransposable elements in vertebrates.
  • Understanding the full repertoire of silencing complexes is vital for comprehending genome stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize novel HuSH complexes involved in gene silencing.
  • To elucidate the distinct roles and targets of different HuSH complexes.

Main Methods:

  • Identification of TASOR2 as a core component of a second HuSH complex (HuSH2).
  • Chromatin immunoprecipitation and sequencing to determine genomic localization.
  • In silico protein structure prediction to analyze protein interactions.
  • Functional assays using transgenes to assess silencing activity.

Main Results:

  • Discovery of the HuSH2 complex, centered around TASOR2, a paralog of TASOR.
  • HuSH and HuSH2 complexes localize to distinct genomic loci.
  • HuSH represses LINE-1 retrotransposons, while HuSH2 targets KRAB-ZNF genes and interferon response genes.
  • MPP8 interaction studies revealed key residues for HuSH complex binding and regulation.

Conclusions:

  • The existence of distinct HuSH complexes (HuSH and HuSH2) provides a sophisticated mechanism for retrotransposon and gene regulation.
  • Dynamic expression of TASOR and TASOR2 allows fine-tuning of HuSH-mediated silencing.
  • These findings deepen our understanding of genome defense strategies and cellular homeostasis.