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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Fatty Acid Metabolism01:28

Overview of Fatty Acid Metabolism

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Lipids also are sources of energy that power cellular processes. Like carbohydrates, lipids are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, but these atoms are arranged differently. Most lipids are nonpolar and hydrophobic. Major types include fats and oils, waxes, phospholipids, and steroids.
Fatty acids are catabolized in a process called beta-oxidation, which takes place in the matrix of the mitochondria and converts their fatty acid chains into two-carbon units of acetyl groups. The acetyl...
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Lipid Catabolism01:25

Lipid Catabolism

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Triglycerides serve as crucial long-term energy storage molecules in microorganisms, providing a dense source of metabolic energy. Their breakdown is mediated by lipases, which hydrolyze triglycerides into glycerol and free fatty acids. Each of these components follows distinct metabolic pathways, ultimately contributing to ATP synthesis and cellular energy homeostasis.Glycerol MetabolismGlycerol, released from triglyceride hydrolysis, is phosphorylated by glycerol kinase to form...
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Carrier-Mediated Transport01:06

Carrier-Mediated Transport

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Carrier-mediated transport is a pivotal process in drug absorption, particularly for lipid-insoluble drugs, and encompasses facilitated diffusion and active transport. Facilitated diffusion allows drugs to move along their concentration gradient without energy expenditure, while active transport utilizes ATP to drive drug movement against this gradient.
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Receptor-mediated Endocytosis01:39

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Facilitated Diffusion01:16

Facilitated Diffusion

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The plasma membrane, a critical structure in cellular biology, houses an array of transporters, or carrier proteins, interspersed within its lipid bilayer. These proteins play a crucial role in solute transport through facilitated diffusion, a form of passive diffusion that uses transporters to move the molecules across the membrane.
In this process, substrates such as organic compounds and ions interact with a transporter on one side, triggering conformational changes in proteins that enable...
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The Significance of Membrane Transport01:44

The Significance of Membrane Transport

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The transport of solutes across the cell membrane is essential for metabolic processes, like maintaining cell size and volume, generating the action potential, exchanging nutrients and gases, etc. Membrane transport can be either passive or active. It can be simple diffusion, facilitated, or mediated transport aided by transport proteins such as transporters and channels.
Transporters facilitate either an active or passive movement of solutes. They can allow a single-molecule transport down its...
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Fatty Acid 13C Isotopologue Profiling Provides Insight into Trophic Carbon Transfer and Lipid Metabolism of Invertebrate Consumers
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Context-specific fatty acid uptake is a finely-tuned multi-level effort.

Juan Wang1, Huiling Guo2, Lang-Fan Zheng3

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China; Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China.

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism: TEM
|November 3, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Fatty acid uptake is crucial for cell function and metabolic health. Regulating key transporters like CD36 offers therapeutic potential for diseases including obesity and cancer.

Keywords:
CD36context-specific regulationfatty acid uptakefatty acidsprotein palmitoylation

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Metabolic Research

Background:

  • Fatty acids (FAs) are vital nutrients for cellular functions.
  • Cells regulate fatty acid uptake to maintain metabolic homeostasis.
  • Dysregulated fatty acid uptake is linked to diseases like obesity, liver steatosis, heart failure, and cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in the context-specific regulation of fatty acid uptake.
  • To focus on the role and regulation of CD36 in fatty acid transport.
  • To highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting fatty acid uptake.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent scientific advances.
  • Focus on cellular and molecular mechanisms of fatty acid transport.
  • Analysis of CD36 regulation in various physiological and pathological contexts.

Main Results:

  • Cells differentially regulate fatty acid uptake based on specific needs and stimuli.
  • CD36 and other transporters are key regulators of fatty acid transport across the plasma membrane.
  • Context-specific regulation of CD36 is observed in metabolic organs and other cell types.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting fatty acid uptake pathways, particularly CD36, presents promising therapeutic strategies.
  • Understanding the regulation of fatty acid uptake is critical for treating metabolic diseases and cancer.
  • Further research into context-specific FA uptake mechanisms can inform novel treatment approaches.