Review and Call for Improved Cannabis Measurement and the Potential for Leveraging Cannabis Seed-To-Sale Systems

International consensus has emerged, which proposes that the measurement and standardization of the quantity of THC potency, or dose (mgTHC), is a requisite for identifying consistent relationships between patterns of cannabis use and the risk for negative health outcomes, especially critical given the increasing number of U.S. states and European countries considering legalizing cannabis for recreational use. Despite the lack of measurement approaches that provide accurate, real-time data on THC dosage, the number of states that have implemented legal adult use cannabis markets has coincided with the use of regulatory seed-to-sale or track-and-trace systems. Seed-to-sale tracking systems are designed to track the amount of cannabis cultivated, and typically leverage biochemical testing contractors to label the THC potencies and amounts on a diverse array of cannabis products. We propose leveraging seed-to-sale tracking systems to facilitate a more objective measure of THC potency. In the current review, we will: 1) summarize the complexities of accurately measuring the multidimensional aspects of cannabis use patterns; 2) review recent advancements in quantifying THC and the importance of standardizing THC dose in measuring cannabis use; and 3) discuss the potential value of future research efforts examining how state-level seed-to-sale tracking data can inform the standard THC dose.