Do hybrid closed loop insulin pump systems improve glycemic control and reduce hospitalizations in poorly controlled...

Hybrid closed-loop (HCL) systems improve glycemic control in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D), but their effectiveness in young, poorly controlled populations is not established and requires study.

A pre-post study was performed using electronic health records of patients 3-24 years with baseline HbA_1c≥9 % prescribed HCL within the New York City Health+Hospitals System assessing HbA_1c levels and hospitalizations before and after HCL initiation and factors associated with achieving HbA_1c<9 % after HCL initiation.

Of 47 children and adolescents who met inclusion criteria, 4.68 % female, 95.72 % non-White, and 82.22 % covered by public insurance, with a baseline average HbA_1c 10.6 % (2.28 IQR). The most prevalent pump type was Omnipod 5 (70.21 %). The HbA_1c was significantly lower in the postperiod than baseline (HbA_1c before=median 10.6 (IQR2.28), HbA_1c after=median 9.33 (IQR 2.97), difference 1.00 (IQR 1.64), p<0.05) with a decrease in median diabetes-related hospitalizations (preperiod 1.00 (IQR 1.00), postperiod 0.00 (IQR 1.00), difference -1.00, IQR 2, p<0.05). Lower baseline HbA_1c levels made reaching HbA_1c<9 % more likely. Multivariable analysis showed that the odds of having HbA_1c of <9 % was 2.1 times less likely for every one point increase in baseline HbA_1c and 12.5 times less likely for those with a pump at (p<0.05).

HCL therapy improved glycemic control and decreased diabetes-related hospitalizations in youth with poorly controlled T1DM. Higher baseline HbA_1c levels predicted less success with HCL therapy so those who stand to benefit most benefit least.