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A panel network approach of internalizing and externalizing problems in early childhood: Evidence from American and

Hongting Chen1, Yiji Wang1,2,3

  • 1Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.

Development and Psychopathology
|November 4, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Internalizing and externalizing problems in preschoolers often co-occur. This study found that withdrawal and anxiety symptoms link these issues, with internalizing problems predicting later externalizing behaviors across cultures.

Area of Science:

  • Child Psychology
  • Developmental Psychopathology
  • Cross-Cultural Psychology

Background:

  • Internalizing and externalizing problems frequently co-occur in early childhood.
  • The dynamic interplay driving this co-occurrence is not well understood.
  • Network Approaches to Psychopathology and Developmental Cascade Perspective offer frameworks for study.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine concurrent and longitudinal relationships between internalizing and externalizing problem symptoms in preschoolers.
  • To investigate cultural differences in these relationships between American and Chinese preschoolers.
  • To identify bridge symptoms underlying the co-occurrence.

Main Methods:

  • A panel network approach was utilized.
  • Mothers rated internalizing and externalizing problems in two waves.
  • Cross-sectional and cross-lagged network analyses were performed.

Main Results:

  • Bridge symptoms like withdrawal, aggressive behavior, and anxiety/depressive moods were consistent across American and Chinese preschoolers.
  • Cross-lagged networks revealed unidirectional relations from internalizing to subsequent externalizing symptoms in both cultural groups.
  • Temporal heterogeneity in symptom networks was observed.

Conclusions:

  • Findings provide cross-cultural evidence on the co-occurrence of internalizing and externalizing problems.
  • The study highlights the role of specific symptoms in linking internalizing and externalizing problems.
  • A developmental cascade from internalizing to externalizing problems is suggested.

Keywords:
cultural differencesexternalizing problemsinternalizing problemsnetwork analysispreschoolers

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