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Related Concept Videos

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

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Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
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Types of Reports II: Incident or Occurrence Report01:21

Types of Reports II: Incident or Occurrence Report

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An Incident or Occurrence Report in a healthcare setting is a crucial document used to record any unexpected occurrence that may or may not have affected a patient, employee, or visitor. Such reports are critical to improving patient safety and include all details leading up to and including the event.
Purposes:
In the healthcare industry, reports play a crucial role in documenting incidents within an agency. The primary objective of these reports is to ensure patient safety, uphold the...
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Hazard Rate01:11

Hazard Rate

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The hazard rate, also known as the hazard function or failure rate, is a statistical measure used to describe the instantaneous rate at which an event occurs, given that the event has not yet happened. From a probabilistic perspective, it represents the likelihood that a subject will experience the event in a very small time interval, conditional on surviving up to the beginning of that interval. In terms of frequency, the hazard rate can be viewed as the ratio of the number of events to the...
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Hazard Ratio01:12

Hazard Ratio

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The hazard ratio (HR) is a widely used measure in clinical trials to compare the risk of events, such as death or disease recurrence, between two groups over time. It reflects the ratio of hazard rates—the instantaneous risk of the event occurring—between a treatment group and a control group. This measure provides valuable insights into the relative effectiveness of a treatment by assessing how the risk of an event differs between the two groups.
For example, in a clinical trial...
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SBAR II: Application of SBAR01:14

SBAR II: Application of SBAR

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SBAR is an effective communication tool used by healthcare professionals to communicate patient information accurately. SBAR stands for Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendation. For a better understanding, an example is given below.
SBAR Report from a Nurse to a Health Care Provider
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Pneumonia I: Introduction01:30

Pneumonia I: Introduction

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Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
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Updated: Jun 8, 2025

Halogenated Agent Delivery in Porcine Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome via an Intensive Care Unit Type Device
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Hospital COVID-19 Burden and Adverse Event Rates.

Mark L Metersky1, David Rodrick2, Shih-Yieh Ho3

  • 1Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington.

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Higher hospital COVID-19 burden correlated with increased adverse events for all patients. This highlights the need for hospitals to improve resilience and surge capacity to maintain patient safety during peak demand.

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Area of Science:

  • Healthcare Management
  • Patient Safety
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic strained hospital resources, leading to increased demand and staffing shortages.
  • The impact of these hospital stresses on patient safety remains incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between a hospital's COVID-19 patient burden and the incidence of in-hospital adverse events (AEs).

Main Methods:

  • A cohort study utilized data from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality's Quality and Safety Review System.
  • The study analyzed Medicare admissions from September 2020 to June 2022, stratifying AEs by hospital-specific weekly COVID-19 patient census.
  • Risk adjustment was performed using patient and hospital characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Adverse events per 1000 admissions increased with higher hospital COVID-19 burden, from 59.1 in low-burden weeks to 97.4 in high-burden weeks.
  • Risk-adjusted analysis showed a 23% increased relative risk of AEs for all patients during high-burden weeks compared to low-burden weeks (RR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.09-1.39).
  • This association was significant for both patients with (RR, 1.33) and without (RR, 1.23) COVID-19.

Conclusions:

  • Increased hospital COVID-19 burden is significantly associated with a higher risk of in-hospital adverse events.
  • These findings underscore the critical need for enhanced hospital resilience and surge capacity to mitigate patient safety risks during public health crises.