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Shedding Light on the Molecular Diversities of miRNA in Cancer- an Exquisite Mini Review
Surya Venkatesh1, P Mohammed Manaz2, M Harish Priya3
1Department of Biotechnology, Sethu Institute of Technology, Virudhunagar, India. suryavenkatesh9603@gmail.com.
Abstract:
Short non-coding ribonucleic acids are also known as "Micro ribonucleic acids (miRNAs)". The miRNAs make a contribution to the regulation of genes and mitigation of cancer cell growth in humans. miRNAs play a significant role in several BPs, namely apoptosis, cell cycle progression, and development. It is well-recognized that miRNAs are crucial for the tumors' growth and also serve as Tumor Suppressors (TSs) or oncogenes. As miRNAs also act as an effective tumor suppressor, studying the molecular diversities of the miRNAs makes way to minimize cancer progression and the corresponding death rates in the future. Therefore, miRNAs along with their Biological Processes (BPs) and molecular diversities are thoroughly researched in this paper. Consequently, miRNAs particularly target their 3' UnTranslated Region (3'-UTR) for controlling the target mRNAs' stability and protein translation. So, this study also expresses the impact of microRNA variants in various cancer cells, namely Breast cancer, Gastric or stomach cancer, ovarian cancer, and lymphocytic leukemia. Furthermore, the database named PhenomiR and commercial kits that are used in the miRNA data analysis are discussed in this article to provide extensive knowledge about the molecular diversity analysis of miRNA and their influences on cancerous cells.
Insights
Micro ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) regulate genes and impact cancer cell growth. Studying miRNA molecular diversity is key to minimizing cancer progression and improving patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
- Oncology
Background:
- Micro ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs involved in gene regulation.
- miRNAs play critical roles in biological processes such as apoptosis and cell cycle progression.
- miRNAs can function as tumor suppressors or oncogenes, influencing tumor growth.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the molecular diversity of miRNAs and their impact on cancer.
- To explore the role of miRNAs in various cancer types, including breast, gastric, ovarian, and lymphocytic leukemia.
- To provide comprehensive knowledge on miRNA analysis and their influence on cancerous cells.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of miRNA targeting of the 3' Untranslated Region (3'-UTR) of target mRNAs.
- Examination of microRNA variants in different cancer cell lines.
- Discussion of databases like PhenomiR and commercial kits for miRNA data analysis.
Main Results:
- miRNAs significantly influence gene regulation and cancer cell proliferation.
- Specific miRNA variants have varying impacts across different cancer types.
- Understanding miRNA molecular diversity is crucial for cancer research.
Conclusions:
- miRNAs are vital regulators in cancer development and progression.
- Further research into miRNA molecular diversity can lead to novel therapeutic strategies.
- miRNA analysis tools and databases aid in understanding their role in oncology.
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