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Assessing Cortical Cerebral Microinfarcts on High Resolution MR Images
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Distinct neuroinflammatory patterns between cerebral microbleeds and microinfarcts in cerebral amyloid angiopathy

Laurent Puy1, Romain Barus1,2, Marco Pasi3

  • 1Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, F-59000, Lille, France.

Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology
|November 5, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Neuroinflammation surrounds cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) and microinfarcts (CMIs) in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). This response is stronger in older lesions, with distinct astrogliosis and scavenging activity patterns.

Area of Science:

  • Neuropathology
  • Neuroinflammation
  • Cerebrovascular Diseases

Background:

  • Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is associated with microvascular damage.
  • Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) and cerebral microinfarcts (CMIs) are common in CAA.
  • The neuroinflammatory response to these lesions is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate neuroinflammation around recent and old CMBs and CMIs in CAA.
  • To characterize the nature of the neuroinflammatory response, including astrogliosis and scavenging activity.

Main Methods:

  • Neuropathological examination of 18 CAA cases.
  • Serial stainings and immunolabellings to identify and stage microvascular lesions.
  • Assessment of neuroinflammatory markers.

Main Results:

  • Both CMBs and CMIs trigger neuroinflammation in CAA.
  • Neuroinflammation is more pronounced in older lesions compared to recent ones.
  • Astrogliosis and scavenging activity differ based on whether the lesion is ischemic or hemorrhagic.

Conclusions:

  • CMBs and CMIs induce a significant neuroinflammatory response in CAA.
  • The stage and type of microvascular lesion influence the inflammatory response.
  • Findings offer insights into the pathophysiology of microvascular injury in CAA.

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