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Screening for Adverse Childhood Experiences: A Critical Appraisal
Anna E Austin1, Kayla N Anderson1, Marissa Goodson1
1National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Pediatrics
|November 5, 2024
Summary
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) screening in healthcare lacks sufficient evidence. More research is needed to understand potential benefits, harms, and ethical considerations before widespread adoption.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Pediatrics
- Clinical Medicine
Background:
- Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) significantly impact lifelong health.
- Child- and family-serving professionals need to understand and address childhood adversity.
- ACEs screening in healthcare is a proposed method for identification and intervention.
Purpose of the Study:
- Critically appraise existing evidence on ACEs screening.
- Examine the benefits, challenges, and harms of ACEs screening from clinical and ethical viewpoints.
- Identify research gaps and suggest future directions.
Main Methods:
- Synthesized systematic and scoping reviews on ACEs screening.
- Summarized studies on ACEs' predictive ability for health outcomes.
- Provided a comprehensive overview of ACEs screening's pros, cons, and risks.
Main Results:
- Current evidence on the benefits, challenges, and harms of ACEs screening is insufficient.
- The potential for harm from screening cannot be disregarded.
- Trauma-informed, relational care is recommended for assessing and responding to ACEs.
Conclusions:
- More research is crucial to establish the efficacy and safety of ACEs screening in healthcare settings.
- Evidence-informed practice requires careful consideration of potential benefits versus harms.
- Clinicians should adopt a trauma-informed approach to address childhood adversity.
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