Therapeutic Effect of Targeted Deployment Filling Coils in the Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms

Endovascular coil embolization is the primary therapeutic modality for intracranial aneurysms. Substantial reports have been found regarding the coil packing density and inflow jet. However, the hemodynamic effect of increasing the rate of tamponade in the inflow jet area within the aneurysm remains unclear. In this study, individualized geometries of six intracranial aneurysms were recruited: all six aneurysms were located in the internal carotid artery. Two groups were created by changing the position and orientation of the microcatheter for the release of the third segment of the filling coil. The finite element method was used to simulate coil deployment. Computational fluid dynamics was used to characterize hemodynamics in post-deployment aneurysms. The parameters evaluated included velocity reduction, wall shear stress (WSS), low WSS (LWSS), relative residence time (RRT), flow kinetic energy in the neck region of the aneurysms, and residual flow volume (RFV) in the aneurysms. At the peak time (t = 0.17 s), the targeted deployment group has similar proportion of LWSS area to conventional deployment groups: targeted 78.13% ± 34.59% versus normal 74.20% ± 36.94% (mean ± SD, p = 0.583). The targeted deployment group has a higher RRT area (targeted 16.84% ± 5.58% vs. normal 6.42% ± 5.67% [mean ± SD, p = 0.009]), smaller flow kinetic energy (targeted 9.43 ± 4.33 vs. normal 16.23 ± 5.92 [mean ± SD, p = 0.047]), and a larger RFV in the aneurysms (targeted 35.97 ± 24.35 mm³ vs. normal 25.80 ± 18.94 mm³ [mean ± SD, p = 0.44]). Inflow jets play an important role in the treatment of aneurysms, and deploying filling coils in accordance with inflow jets may result in a better hemodynamic environment.