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Exploring the Complexity of Falls in People With Multiple Sclerosis: A Qualitative Study
Anna H Wäneskog1, Anette S Forsberg1,2, Ylva E Nilsagård1
1From the University Healthcare Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
International Journal of MS Care
|November 6, 2024
Summary
Falls in people with multiple sclerosis (MS) are complex, involving multiple factors. Understanding these contributing elements is key to developing effective fall prevention strategies for individuals with MS.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Rehabilitation Science
- Public Health
Background:
- Falls are a significant concern for individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS), impacting their quality of life and independence.
- Existing strategies for fall risk reduction in MS require further refinement due to the condition's complexity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore and describe the factors contributing to falls in people with MS.
- To elucidate the complexity of fall situations experienced by individuals with MS.
Main Methods:
- A longitudinal study involving individual interviews with participants reporting falls.
- Manifest analysis was employed to detail fall frequency, location, and timing.
- The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework guided deductive content analysis of fall-inducing factors.
Main Results:
- Twenty-five participants reported 94 falls, predominantly occurring during the day (61%) and outdoors (56%).
- Fall situations were characterized by complexity, with interactions between triggering and circumstantial factors across all ICF domains.
- Preceding factors and fluctuating MS symptoms significantly contributed to fall complexity.
Conclusions:
- A comprehensive understanding of fall complexity in MS necessitates considering preceding activities and circumstances alongside individual risk factors.
- Improved comprehension can enhance fall risk discussions between healthcare professionals and individuals with MS.
- Personalized fall risk assessments and interventions promoting self-management are recommended for effective fall prevention.
